Author: Jillian LaFrance PhD Bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic mood, energy, and activity level shifts, which manifest as mania or hypomania (elevated mood) and depression (lowered mood), is associated with neurotransmitter imbalances (serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine), structural and functional brain abnormalities, and genetic factors (NAMI, 2024)
In the liver, the accumulation of lipids is thought to impair mitochondrial function, thus reducing fatty acid oxidation and increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that trigger lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and apoptosis
unexposed pregnancies
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10.2337/db11-1109 14 Hashimoto TakigamiN.KuniyoshiS.MikiY.TamakiK.KamadaY.UeharaK.et al (2021)