No, says Clive Bates, former director of Action on Smoking and Health, a tobacco control group in the U.K., but the aggregate effect at the population level appears to be negligible given the reduction in smoking initiation during the period of vapings ascendance. And yet the CDC, major tobacco control activists, health advocates, and some researchers continue to sound the alarm about a gateway effect
Low-concentration vapes from pharmacies (containing nicotine around 20mg/mL or less) have been shown to help many motivated smokers quit the habit faster than nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
Still, survey participants - including former smokers, current smokers and people who had never smoked - consistently ranked Natural American Spirit as less harmful to health and the environment
EVALI patients report respiratory, gastrointestinal, and constitutional symptoms
Maybe I should have been focused on rebellion, but I was too moody to muster the energy