To minimize this potential bias from unmeasured confounding, analyses accounted for baseline differences between cohorts (eg, age), differences among current, former, and never smokers, temporal trends (eg, declining smoking rate, increasing BMI), birth cohort effects, and factors that could influence both smoking cessation and CVD risk, including sociodemographic factors and known CVD risk factors, which were time-updated
By measuring cotinine in large populations, agencies can: Estimate true smoking rates Measure secondhand smoke exposure Guide anti-smoking policies Target public health messaging At Lynk Diagnostics, we support researchers with bulk cotinine testing for epidemiological use
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