Hookah tobacco represents 3% of total consumption, concentrated in the Middle East with 25 million users and India with 15 million, reflecting strong social and cultural smoking traditions
In June 2007, the Public District Prosecutors Office in Belgrade, in cooperation with the Serbian Ministry of Interior, started cracking down on large organized crime groups that were commonly known as the "tobacco mafia." After an investigation that lasted more than two years, police working on Operation Network arrested or issued arrest warrants for members of three groups
As traditional cigarette use has declined, the tobacco industry has adapted, aggressively promoting electronic cigarettes, flavored nicotine products and other alternatives
School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London
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