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Physical Withdrawal Symptoms: Nicotine withdrawal can also result in physical symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, insomnia, and increased appetite

doi: 10.3109/08958378.2012.724728

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The report found limited evidence for improvement in lung function and respiratory symptoms among adult smokers with asthma who switch to e-cigarettes completely or in part. Limited evidence was also found for reduction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations among adult smokers with COPD who switch to e-cigarettes completely or in part. In terms of pregnancy and developmental effects, the report found no available evidence whether or not e-cigarettes affect pregnancy outcomes, and insufficient evidence whether or not maternal e-cigarette use affects fetal development. The report mentions that more research is needed to fully understand if and under what circumstances e-cigarettes can help adults to quit smoking, and it states that the use of e-cigarettes should be discouraged among teens by restricting access and through educational and public awareness campaigns