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11 (IARC, 2007)

They are designed to provide the same sensation as traditional cigarettes, but without the harmful effects of smoking

PM 10 refers to airborne particles that are less than 10 micrometres in diameter, while PM 2.5 is fine particulate matter, a subset of PM 10 , referring to airborne particles less than 2.5 micrometres in diameter (LAWA, 2023)

In the U.K, the NHS states e-cigarettes are being supported by health experts as a smoking alternative.[36] This was after a study showed people who vape have lower levels of toxic chemicals in their body compared to tobacco users

doi:10.1080/14656566.2017.1349098 38