Figure 3 Taking a deeper dive into the data, it has been shown that the rise in vaping rates among Maori and Pacific Peoples has far outpaced the increase in vaping among other ethnic groups in Aotearoa New Zealand, with 27.7% of Maori and 21.7% of Pacific Peoples reporting current vape use in 2022/23.[31] This is a significant increase since the legalisation of vaping, with the proportion of Maori and Pacific Peoples who were vaping daily more than quadrupling between 2019/20 and 2022/23, compared to overall vaping rates which doubled over the same period.[32] Between 2018/19 and 2022/23, the current adult smoking rate among Maori dropped from 33.4% to 20.2%.[33] More striking is the sudden drop in smoking rates among Pacific Peoples, with the number of people currently smoking in this community more than halving between 2018/19 and 2022/23, dropping from 24.7% to 10.3%.[34] But what are the reasons behind vaping replacing and substituting for cigarettes in Aotearoa New Zealand
"Shepherding the Weak: The Ethics of Redemption in Quentin Tarantino's Pulp Fiction "
doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.10.017 Summary Keywords chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, alveolar macrophages, macrophage polarization, immunometabolic reprogramming, immunometabolism Citation Qin Z, Liu W, Huang C and Zhang W (2025) Metabolic reprogramming of macrophages in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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